Learner-Driven Education Models

The art and science of learning analyzed- • Pedagogy: teacher-directed, often used with younger learners. • Andragogy (Malcolm Knowles): learner-centered adult education. • Heutagogy (Hase & Kenyon, 2000): self-determined learning—focused on capability, not just competency. Heutagogy emphasizes: • autonomy • nonlinear exploration • reflection and adaptability • learning how to learn AME takes heutagogy further by rooting it in neuroscience, curiosity, and contribution. From Pedagogy to Heutagogy: AME’s Learning Revolution In traditional schools, pedagogy rules: the teacher leads, the student follows. In adult education, we shift to andragogy. But in Always Meaningful Education (AME), we go a step further: Heutagogy—self-determined, reflective, curiosity-driven learning. In AME: • Learners co-design their paths. • They explore what lights them up—and create something real with it. • Learning isn’t about performance; it’s about capability, contribution, and growth. This isn’t hypothetical. Since 2019, AME students have created museums, published books, launched restaurants, performed original theater, and delivered TED-style talks, among many other real world connections and contributions—all from their own inquiries. The future isn’t content recall. It’s adaptability, creativity, and the power to learn how to learn. AME isn’t just learner-centered. It’s learner-led. And that’s heutagogy in action.

Last week Google announced Learn Your Way - a research experiment to reimagine the most overused, under-loved artifact in education: the textbook. The problem is obvious: textbooks are one-size-fits-all. Written once, updated rarely, inflicted equally. Great for industrial-scale learning, terrible for actual students. Learn Your Way tries to fix that with AI: a student picks their grade level and interests (sports, music, food). The system then “relevels” the text, swaps out generic examples for personalized ones (Newton’s apple becomes a soccer ball), and builds a personalized core. From there, it spins out multiple formats: immersive text with visuals, section-level quizzes, narrated slides, Socratic dialogues, even mind maps. In a controlled trial with 60 high schoolers, it beat the humble PDF reader across the board: comprehension, retention, and preference. AI is going to fundamentally change education. The way I see it, we will move from: ▪️Standardization → Personalization: Education has been built for scale: 1 teacher, 30 students, 1 chalkboard. AI flips that. Materials adapt to pace and interest; assessment becomes continuous, not blunt. ▪️Knowledge Transfer → Cognitive Coaching: When facts are instantly accessible, memorization stops being the scarce skill. The real edge is knowing when AI is wrong, asking sharper questions, and connecting ideas across disciplines. ▪️Classrooms → Learning Ecosystems: Teachers shift from lecturers to facilitators and motivators. AI covers explanations and drills; humans teach judgment, values, and meaning. Peer learning deepens when everyone brings AI-augmented insights. ▪️Exams → Evidence of Thinking: With AI co-pilots, recall-based tests lose power. Evaluation moves to process, projects, and defense - not “what’s the answer?” but “show your reasoning.” ▪️Scarcity → Abundance (with new inequities): AI promises tutoring for anyone with a smartphone. But access to devices, connectivity, and high-quality models could widen divides. A new gap may emerge between students trained to use AI critically and those who consume it passively. Here's the irony: in making information abundant, AI paradoxically revives the oldest form of teaching. Socrates didn’t assign PDFs; he asked questions until you realized you didn’t know what you thought you knew. His role wasn’t to supply answers but to train skepticism. That is the teacher’s role again. Not to out-explain Gemini, but to show when not to trust it. To cultivate judgment, doubt, and the art of better questions. AI hasn’t reinvented education so much as rerouted it back to its roots: the Socratic method - only now Socrates is paired with a chatbot that never sleeps and never hesitates.

Learning flourishes when students are exposed to a rich tapestry of strategies that activate different parts of the brain and heart. Beyond memorization and review, innovative approaches like peer teaching, role-playing, project-based learning, and multisensory exploration allow learners to engage deeply and authentically. For example, when students teach a concept to classmates, they strengthen their communication, metacognition, and confidence. Role-playing historical events or scientific processes builds empathy, critical thinking, and problem-solving. Project-based learning such as designing a community garden or creating a presentation fosters collaboration, creativity, and real-world application. Multisensory strategies like using manipulatives, visuals, movement, and sound especially benefit neurodiverse learners, enhancing retention, focus, and emotional connection to content. These methods don’t just improve academic outcomes they cultivate lifelong skills like adaptability, initiative, and resilience. When teachers intentionally layer strategies that match students’ strengths and needs, they create classrooms that are inclusive, dynamic, and deeply empowering. #LearningInEveryWay

Pedagogy, Andragogy, and Heutagogy: What’s the Difference and Why It Matters Today As educators, trainers, or learning leaders, understanding how people learn is more crucial today than ever before. With classrooms evolving into blended, virtual, and self-paced environments, we often hear terms like pedagogy,andragogy, and heutagogy—but what do they actually mean? Pedagogy: Teaching Children Pedagogy is the traditional model of education, originating from the Greek words paid(child) and agogos (leading). It focuses on the teacher as the primary source of knowledge. The learner is typically dependent on the instructor for direction, content, and evaluation. Key Features: * Teacher-centered * Structured curriculum * Passive learning (listening, note-taking) * External motivation (grades, approval) This approach works well when foundational knowledge or basic skills need to be taught—especially for young learners. Andragogy: Teaching Adults Coined by Malcolm Knowles, andragogy shifts the focus to adult learning. Adults bring experience, self-direction, and intrinsic motivation to the learning process. They're not empty vessels; they’re partners in learning. Key Features: * Learner-centered * Experience-driven * Problem-based learning * Immediate application in real-life contexts This is essential in corporate training, professional development, and higher education where relevance and application drive engagement. Heutagogy: Learning' How to Learn?' Heutagogy is the newest evolution—focusing on self-determined learning. In this approach, learners decide what, how, and even why they learn. It’s highly learner-centered and emphasizes capability over competency. Key Features: * Self-directed and autonomous learning * Emphasis on reflection, adaptability, and critical thinking * Learning is nonlinear and exploratory * Ideal for fast-changing, tech-driven fields Heutagogy is especially relevant in today’s world where AI, lifelong learning, and adaptability are the keys to success. It's the mindset behind platforms like MOOCs, YouTube learning, and independent research. Why Should You Care? In any modern learning environment—schools, universities, or corporate training—these three concepts are not either/or. They form a continuum. Start with pedagogy to build a strong foundation Use andragogy to empower adult learners with purpose Evolve into heutagogy to foster lifelong learning and innovation In a world where information is at our fingertips, the real skill is knowing how to learn, unlearn, and relearn. Understanding this evolution helps us become better educators, better leaders—and better learners ourselves. Let’s discuss: Which of these three approaches has shaped your learning journey the most? #LifelongLearning #Heutagogy #Andragogy #Pedagogy #LearningDevelopment #EducationLeadership #CorporateTraining #AIinEducation #InstructionalDesign

Student-Centered Learning Models: A Practical Visual Reference My teaching philosophy is grounded in what bell hooks calls engaged pedagogy, a student-centered model that begins with the recognition that learning thrives through mutual engagement. At its core, engaged pedagogy is informed by a unique theoretical mixture that includes, among others, Dewey’s theory of experiential learning, Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory, and Erikson’s psychosocial development theory. All of these theories reject what Paulo Freire refers to as the banking model of education, a model where teachers simply deposit knowledge into passive students. Instead, engaged pedagogy frames teaching as a relational, reciprocal process where the teacher doesn’t stand above the learner but alongside. And here’s what I find most powerful: when you add critical thinking to that mix (as hooks did), the entire framework gains structure. Critical thinking becomes the central node, the connective tissue that links reflection, engagement, and growth. Now, you might ask: What does this have to do with AI? Everything. Because you can’t effectively integrate AI into your classroom if you treat it as a bolt-on tool. Pedagogically sound AI integration requires a strong framework. One rooted in collaboration, inquiry, and student agency. That’s exactly what these student-centered models provide. Here’s my argument: if you want to use AI well in your teaching, you need to be creative within a structure that encourages engagement, critical thought, and participation. Otherwise, AI becomes a shortcut and shortcuts don’t build deep learning. But when AI is used within a framework like engaged pedagogy, it becomes a tool for amplifying curiosity, collaboration, and deeper thinking. That’s why I put together a new resource for you. It features four powerful learning models that align with this ethos of learning-by-doing and social constructivism: 1. Experiential Learning 2. Inquiry-Based Learning 3. Project-Based Learning 4. Game-Based Learning And I’ve included a fifth piece on critical thinking, which I believe should be the cross-disciplinary thread that ties all of these approaches together. Without critical thinking, none of these frameworks truly reach their potential. I compiled them into a single downloadable document completely free. My goal is simple: to support teachers who are navigating the evolving role of AI in education without losing sight of what good pedagogy actually looks like. References 1. hooks, bell. (2010). Teaching Critical Thinking: Practical Wisdom. Routledge. 2. Dewey, J. (1938). Experience and Education. Macmillan. 3. Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in Society: The Development of Higher Psychological Processes. Harvard University Press. 4. Erikson, E. H. (1969) Identity: Youth and Crisis. W. W. Norton & Company. 5. Freire, P. (1970). Pedagogy of the Oppressed. Continuum.

How can we create a dynamic and flexible learning environment that fosters personalized, competency-based learning, maximizes student engagement, and nurtures creativity and innovation both indoors and outdoors? #1 Learner-Centered Approach As Eric Sheninger states more emphasis on the “who” we are teaching than the “what” we are teaching! - Emphasize the individual learner's strengths, interests, and needs, shifting from a focus on content delivery to personalizing learning experiences. This includes fostering student agency and choice, where learners have a voice in shaping their educational journey. #2 Interdisciplinary Competencies What learning habits do we want life long learners to possess? - Develop transferable, whole-learner competencies that integrate content knowledge with real-world skills and dispositions. Move from teaching discrete grade-level standards to fostering higher-level competencies that prepare students for diverse challenges. #3 Mastery-Based Progression How are we moving from accountants of points to mentors of young people? Right Devin Vodicka! - Shift from traditional seat-time measures to proficiency-based progression. Students advance upon demonstrating mastery of key learning outcomes, allowing for personalized pacing and ensuring genuine understanding before moving forward. #4 Flexible Learning Environments How are we making education more geographically fluid? - Create adaptable learning environments that support individual learning paths. This includes flexible seating, schedules, virtual courses, and self-paced mastery, promoting a more engaging and accommodating educational setting. #5 Effective Pedagogy and Data-Driven Personalization How do we know if what we are doing is working? - Employ effective pedagogical techniques such as cooperative learning, differentiation, scaffolding, and innovative assessments like portfolios to empower learners. SpacesEDU uses evidence of learning data not just for collection, but to personalize and celebrate learning to meet each student's unique needs. Sierra Holtzheuser These five principles collectively create a personalized, competency-based learning environment that is flexible, engaging, and focused on the individual learner's growth and mastery. What would you add? What does your ideal learning environment look like? Your Friend, Danelle Almaraz InnovateEd #onthemove

What if every student had both a live teacher and an AI tutor—plus time each day to build a business, a budget, or even a podcast? That’s not a hypothetical. That’s Novatio, a new virtual school just launched in Arizona, combining adaptive AI tutors with real-world learning like entrepreneurship and financial literacy. Similar to Unbound Academy this model seemingly has all the answers for public education. ✅Test scores get better with AI essentially hitting all the right spots with core learning. ✅Students are getting PBL time in the afternoons to work on real world skills and passion projects. (Something I know teachers would love to do more) ✅Getting the human intelligence skills from being with mentors and teachers all day. Arizona has long struggled in education rankings, and Novatio is stepping in with a bold answer: • AI tutors for personalized learning • Live teachers for human connection • Life skills taught before high school • And a system that doesn’t wait for kids to reach college to talk about money. (Huge emphasis on financial literacy) And here’s a line that stopped me in my tracks: “With AI and online platforms, we no longer have to worry so much about not having qualified teachers.” That’s from Sharon Lechter, chair of Arizona’s K–12 Financial Literacy Task Force. This line is the one I was worried about. Schools could potentially use this as an excuse to hire less teachers. (Still worried about that…😕) Agree or disagree, it opens up a bigger conversation: ❓What’s the role of AI when access to great teachers is uneven? ❓What counts as “core content” in 2025? ❓And how can we bring models like this into public systems, not just private or charter experiments? Public education can adopt models like this, but do they want to? 🤔 This shift may be the catalyst to open up the conversation into what’s coming with education—maybe a shift beyond test scores because AI in education isn’t just about test scores. It’s about empowerment. This model empowers students to learn material and do things they love. This could rekindle the love of learning, passion for education, and bold curiosity that we have been missing in public education for a long time. What are your thoughts on this model, is it the “reimagining of education” we’ve been looking for, or a step in the right (or wrong) direction? Let me hear your thoughts below 👇 Dr. Sabba Quidwai Stefan Bauschard Pravin Kaipa M.Ed Alfonso Mendoza Jr., M.Ed. Aaron Makelky, M.A. Ed. Sam Densley Zach Kinzler Karle Delo Sophie Theodorou Larisa Black Dan Fitzpatrick Phillip Alcock Philip Murdoch 🤙 Andrew Davies, M.Ed. Amanda Bickerstaff Tim Dasey Mike Kentz Nick Potkalitsky, PhD Nneka J. McGee, J.D., Ed.D. Daniel A. López Danelle Almaraz Thomas Hummel Thomas Thompson Dr. Rachelle Dené Poth Dr Nick Jackson C. Harun Böke Dan Jones Matt Miller Holly Clark #AIinEducation #FinancialLiteracy #EdTech #StudentAgency #AllDayAI #EquityInEducation #FutureReady