Catalysis Core v0: Unified Security Abstraction for Ethereum, Bitcoin, Solana

"Ethereum enters final testnet phase ahead of Dec. 3 Fusaka upgrade. The cap on individual transactions aims to improve block efficiency, reduce DoS risks and lay the groundwork for parallel execution in future upgrades like Glamsterdam. Ethereum is entering the final testnet phase of its Fusaka upgrade, the last major step before its expected mainnet rollout on Dec. 3. The update introduces a per-transaction gas cap of about 16.78 million units to enhance block efficiency and prepare the network for parallel execution. The change, already active on the Holesky and Sepolia testnets, is designed to prevent single transactions from consuming an entire block’s gas. Previously, a single transaction could use up to the full block gas limit of around 45 million, posing potential denial-of-service risks and limiting scalability.  A gas cap limits how much processing power a single transaction can use, ensuring no transaction can monopolize an entire block, and allowing the network to handle activity more evenly. By enforcing a per-transaction gas limit cap, Ethereum aims to make block composition more efficient and predictable, ensuring that multiple smaller transactions can fit within a block. The change is part of Ethereum’s broader transition toward parallel execution, a major milestone in its roadmap that will enable multiple transactions to process simultaneously. The introduction of limited transaction gas caps came about a week after Ethereum launched the Fusaka upgrade on the Sepolia testnet, increasing the full block gas limit from around 45 million to 60 million. The next phase of the Fusaka upgrade is scheduled for rollout on the Hoodi testnet on Oct. 28, with mainnet deployment expected in December 2025." Cointelegraph https://lnkd.in/eaT_7Tfw

Merkle trees are quietly reshaping fundamental internet architecture, moving us beyond blind trust in servers and networks. This isn't just about crypto; it's about verifiable data. From Location-Based to Content-Based Addressing Today's internet is location-based: you request a URL and trust every hop along the way. Content addressing flips this model. You request data by its cryptographic hash, not its location. Merkle trees make this practical by letting you verify data integrity without downloading everything. This is already in use: Git Repositories Container Registries (OCI spec) What This Unlocks: 🔹 Verifiable CDNs: A compromised CDN can't serve malicious code. The browser checks the hash and rejects tampered content. 🔹 Decentralized Package Registries: Eliminates single points of failure like npm or PyPI. Packages can be mirrored anywhere and verified cryptographically. 🔹 Trustless Data Sync: Sync and verify data between clouds or to the edge using math, not just certificates. Infrastructure & Security Impact: This leads to more resilient systems, simplified DR, and a massive boost for software supply chain security. Man-in-the-middle attacks become far less effective, and tamper detection is built-in. While there are trade-offs (e.g., hash lookups), the success of Certificate Transparency proves this works at internet scale. The next wave will be securing software supply chains and enabling edge computing. Where do you see content-addressed architectures making the most impact? #DistributedSystems #InternetArchitecture #ContentAddressing #SystemsEngineering #InfrastructureEngineering

ParaFi Technologies is the latest institutional node operator to move its staked ETH onto Obol Distributed Validators through Lido’s Curated Module. The Curated Module is the largest pool of staked ETH on Ethereum, accounting for ~90% of Lido’s TVL. Lido updated the module this summer, allowing many more key staking players to upgrade their operations. ParaFi Tech is the latest entity to make the move. As operators like ParaFi Tech signal their belief in Obol’s technology by integrating DVs, it’s becoming clear that a shift is underway. We’re replacing legacy systems, and leading entities in the staking ecosystem are ready to join us. https://lnkd.in/eKE7RP9r

At Zebu Live - UK's Flagship Web3 Summit 2025, the panel “Unifying the Trust Layer: The Architecture of Cross-Chain Security” brought together three sharp minds to tackle Web3’s toughest problem: how to build trust when everything is meant to be trustless. Moderator: Andrea Maria Cosentino, MSc, IMC (Impact Fundry) Speakers: Jiajie Zhang (EY UK) | Dragos Ilie Dragos (Orbs) Andrea opened with the fundamental question — how do we keep cross-chain systems secure? He framed the debate around fragmentation versus decentralisation, the looming quantum threat, and the persistent data-quality and governance challenges that Web3 still hasn’t fully solved. Jiajie Zhang highlighted EY’s work bringing privacy to enterprise protocols through projects like Nightfall and Starlight. She questioned whether Web3 should trust the social layer or the mathematical one — arguing that cryptography must become a kind of “passport of trust.” Her deep-dive into ZK-proofs explained how technologies like PLONK, universal setups, and folding rollups enable scalable, verifiable cross-chain communication — replacing validator-based bridges with proofs that “trust the math, not the people.” With folding ZK rollups, she noted, throughput can exceed 4,000 TPS, verified on-chain in milliseconds. Dragos Ilie from Orbs pushed the discussion toward sovereignty and realism: each blockchain, he said, should remain sovereign while security stays local. He mapped the historical evolution — from CEX and multi-sig bridges, to light-client bridges, validator networks, and federated models — showing how each introduced new trust assumptions. The endgame, he argued, is to remove the trust layer entirely, anchoring security in pure mathematics. While early ZK proofs couldn’t verify full EVM states, rapid progress is closing that gap. Projects like Hyperlane and LayerZero, he noted, are now unifying trust at the API layer, but still leave validation infrastructure exposed to centralised providers like AWS — a gap ZK proofs may finally seal. 🧩 Takeaway: Cross-chain security isn’t about adding another trust layer — it’s about erasing unnecessary ones. The consensus from the panel was clear: the future of Web3 security lies in verifiable mathematics, not social consensus. #ZebuLive2025 #Web3Security #ZeroKnowledgeProofs #CrossChain #DeFi #YFarmX #zk #zebulive

Ethereum’s Fusaka upgrade is live on the Holesky testnet 🚀 Featuring PeerDAS, it boosts data efficiency by 8x and balances node workloads for fair participation. Mainnet launch soon, a major leap for scalability and decentralization! #Ethereum #Fusaka https://lnkd.in/exdCBrEX

Quantum risk is no longer theoretical for European public infrastructure — it is a procurement and policy imperative. Problem — Macro trends - Quantum computing advances threaten classical cryptography within the next decade, forcing EU policymakers and enterprises to adopt post-quantum safeguards. - The EU is accelerating regulation and procurement guidance for secure digital infrastructure while promoting blockchain adoption for transparency and services. Solution — QANplatform joins Blockchain for Europe - QANplatform’s membership strengthens industry advocacy for quantum-resistant standards. Its practical edge: first public-sector deployment in the EU (2024), multi-language developer stack, and alignment with Linux Foundation/PQCA. - This combination addresses three gaps: technical readiness (post-quantum crypto), developer adoption (lower integration friction), and policy influence (direct engagement with EU regulators). Key factors to monitor - Standards convergence (PQC profiles, interoperability with existing chains). - Public procurement shifts favoring quantum-safe solutions. - Vendor maturity and auditability of post-quantum implementations. Risks - Timeline uncertainty for quantum breakpoints and premature vendor lock-in. - Fragmented EU regulatory approaches and inconsistent verification/assurance frameworks. - Integration complexity across legacy systems and multi-chain environments. Actionable insights (for executives, CIOs, CTOs) - Audit cryptographic exposure and prioritize high-value assets for PQC migration. - Pilot hybrid quantum-resistant solutions with vendors that support open standards and independent audits. - Build in-house or partner capabilities: post-quantum cryptography expertise, blockchain interoperability, and compliance liaison functions. Career and organizational guidance - Upskill teams in PQC, secure software engineering, and EU regulatory engagement. - Position cybersecurity and procurement leaders to influence vendor selection toward auditable, standards-aligned solutions. Expert takeaway / forecast Expect accelerated public-sector deployments and policy-driven procurement of quantum-resistant blockchain solutions in the next 12–24 months. Early alignment with standards and audited implementations will determine winners. What do you think? Share your experience with PQC adoption or blockchain procurement. — Viktor Kopylov, PhD, CFA.

This short and concise write-up explores how Byzantine Fault Tolerance and Proof of Stake each tackle one of computing’s hardest problems: achieving trust in a decentralised world. 👉🏾 Read it here: https://lnkd.in/ggjySqea

 Vogon DQLDB bridges classical and quantum worlds — secure today, quantum-ready tomorrow. Vogon DQLDB is a quantum-secure, decentralised database built for the post-quantum era. 🔐 Key Quantum Features Post-Quantum Cryptography (SPHINCS+, BLS12-381): Protects data from quantum attacks. Quantum Entropy & Encryption: Uses true quantum randomness for unbreakable encryption. Decentralised Consensus: Removes single points of failure; quantum-resilient data integrity. Quantum-Ready Infrastructure: Prepares and stores data in quantum states for future qubit systems. Interoperability: Links classical wallets and systems with Quantum Vault wallets and quantum apps. DWAs (Quantum Web Apps): Quantum-secure decentralized apps with enhanced personalization. ⚛️ Quantum Computing Applications Quantum State Preparation: Makes stored data usable by future quantum processors. Quantum Algorithm Integration: Supports quantum-inspired optimization and search. Quantum Digital Assets (QDAs): Multi-dimensional quantum-secure assets. Quantum-Enhanced Security: Evolving protection against quantum threats.

🚀 Exploring RAFT: Ensuring Consistency in Distributed Systems 🔐 Building reliable distributed systems is tough, especially with challenges like node failures and network issues. RAFT (Reliable, Available, Fault-Tolerant) solves this by ensuring all nodes agree on the same state, even when things go wrong. Having worked on Rust-based distributed systems, I’ve seen how RAFT makes these systems scalable, reliable, and resilient. Why RAFT Matters? RAFT simplifies consensus through three key concepts: 🔹 Leader Election: One node manages requests, ensuring a single source of truth. 🔹 Log Replication: The leader sends actions to followers, committing them once a majority agrees. 🔹 Fault Tolerance: RAFT keeps the system running even if some nodes fail. Challenges & My Experience with RAFT in Rust 🔧 In my experience with RAFT in Rust, I utilized memory safety and concurrency to keep the system running smoothly: 🔸 Leader Coordination: RAFT’s leader election avoids conflicts and keeps the system organized. 🔸 Log Replication: Ensures all nodes stay in sync, even during failures. 🔸 Fault Tolerance: The system keeps running as long as a majority of nodes are intact. Though network partitioning and leader failures require some fine-tuning, RAFT ensures swift recovery once configured properly. Conclusion 🏁 RAFT is a reliable, straightforward algorithm for building fault-tolerant distributed systems. Combined with Rust, it’s perfect for ensuring consistency in any large-scale system. Whether you're working on a blockchain or a distributed database, RAFT’s simplicity and power can make a huge difference. #DistributedSystems | #RAFT | #RustProgramming | #ConsensusAlgorithms | #TechInnovation | #FaultTolerance | #ScalableSystems | #LeaderElection | #SystemDesign